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Download image (jpg, 9.0 MB). . The following day, Rathke came across Freden again. Did they finally blow it up and leave the wreckage behind? Despite having missed, the crew aboard the Freden believed they would be hit and decided to abandon the ship. Two other officers of U-852, the 2WO and the doctor were also indicted and shot. Many thanks in advance and best regards. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. U-85 was the third Type VII-B built at Flender Werke in Lbeck and was attached to the Third Flotilla from June 1941 until the time of loss on April 14, 1942. It is unclear whether the German U-boat commander received Donitzs order to cease attacks or whether he willfully ignored it. Mountain View However, before reaching land the U-boat came under attack from six RAF bombers from 621 Squadron. The U-352 was a German submarine that was used during the notorious U-boat attacks in WWII along the NC Coast. An investigation into a Swedish-Estonian ferry that sank into the Baltic Sea 27 years ago turned up no new evidence that would contradict the official investigation report, the Associated Press. Roper then dropped a pattern of 11 depth charges where U-85 had disappeared beneath the surface. Child soldier in the Soviet Union, 1944.. One survivor managed to escape and was eventually rescued by allied ships. A well-aimed 3-inch shell breached the pressure hull just aft of U-85s conning tower. During the journey, Eck torpedoed and sank the Greek tramp steamer, SS Peleus . The U-352 was a German submarine that was used during the notorious U-boat attacks in WWII along the NC Coast. Abrams. There youll also find a 3D model of U-85, a photomosaic, a video, site plan, and dive slate. You are using an out of date browser. [3] The U-boat had a total length of 87.58m (287ft 4in), a pressure hull length of 68.50m (224ft 9in), a beam of 7.50m (24ft 7in), a height of 10.20m (33ft 6in), and a draught of 5.35m (17ft 7in). National marine sanctuaries protect some of the most spectacular ocean and Great Lakes resources in the United States, including shipwrecks like the USS Monitor. At the beginning of May 1945, the Black Point departed Newport News, Virginia, for Weymouth, Massachusetts, with her cargo holds full of coal. The defense presented that the LI had objected to the actions of his CO and the seaman was simply following orders. Known as Operation Paukenschlag (Drumbeat), the attacking force was comprised of five IX class, long-range U-boats. This year, Scuba Diver Life and NOAA are partnering to profile 12 different ships in the Graveyard of the Atlantic. Rathke fired at Icarus, but the torpedo either malfunctioned or hit the sea bottom. She was 55 feet in the beam and rated at 5,353 tons. (Photo: Brett Seymour, NPS/NOAA), A sand tiger shark swims around the wreck of U-85. From January to the end of August 1942, German U-boats attacked more than 285 vessels in North American waters. While on it's first patrol, U-85 discovered the massive 65-ship convoy 42 (SC-42), but was only able to sink the British freighter Thistleglen. Both of which were part of the 6th U-boat Flotilla.During her short time in the war, she sank no . Two other officers of U-852, the 2WO and the doctor were also indicted and shot. On 30 November 1945, Eck, Hoffmann and Weisspfennig were executed by naval firing squad.[6]. Amid the sinking wreckage were the survivors jammed packed in lifeboats and rafts. Image courtesy of Kraken Robotics. High-resolution mapping of the site shows the vessel lying keel up on the ocean floor with the bow pointing to the northeast. Following repairs, U-85 transferred from St. Nazaire to Lorient on October 11. [11] The majority of the debris lies within a 100 metres (330ft) radius of the wreck. A month's refit and leave, and it was time to sail again. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 200 metres (660ft). The U-853 participated in three patrols during the war. This was part of a NOVA/National Geographic documentary . The most evil women in history, Ilse Koch. Throughout the entire Second World War, the Kriegsmarine had only one U-boat commander convicted of war crimes. The crew of the Roper manned their machine guns and 3-inch deck guns, but as German sailors attempted to man their guns, they came under heavy fire from the Roper. Short video about the wreck of the German U-boat, U-85 sunk off North Carolina during World War Two. The presiding judge was Major A. Melford Stevenson. U-352 sank while the majority of the crew was able to escape. If you have any questions please contact us. This is the place to discuss general issues related to the U-boat war or the war at sea in WWII. Eck and his officers were the only Kriegsmarine submariners to be tried for war crimes at the end of World War II in Europe. The depth charges killed the entire U-85 crew. Nine crew members were lost. He joined the Kriegsmarine in April 1943 as part of Crew 34. Image courtesy of the U.S. History and Heritage Command. Joined later by the destroyer Ericsson (DD440), the American task force detected, attacked, and destroyed the U-853. U-852 was fitted with six 53.3cm (21in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 24 torpedoes, one 10.5cm (4.13in) SK C/32 naval gun, 150 rounds, and a 3.7cm (1.5in) SK C/30 with 2575 rounds as well as two 2cm (0.79in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns with 8100 rounds. Error loading comments 56,701 views 0 faves The wreck site of U-85 now rests in about 110 feet (34 m) of water 14 miles (23 km) east of Oregon Inlet along the Outer Banks. 59 Besatzungsmitglieder, darunter der Kommandant, konnten sich an den Strand retten. The expansion would also establish the largest area designated as a World War II battlefield anywhere in the world. Those charged were Heinz Eck, August Hoffmann, Walter Weisspfennig, Hans Richard Lenz and Wolfgang Schwender. They both received a reduced sentence of prison terms. This site is visited on a Full Day Dive Trip. The submarine, which was a special long-range version of the Type IX, had four bow and two stern torpedo tubes and a Focke-Achgelis Fa 330 Bachstelze cable-towed lookout gyroglider. There are 3 type XXI boats buried in the Elbe II bunker in Hamburg. The wreck lies on its starboard side with approximately an approximately 80-degree list. KL Heinz Wilhelm Eck, pleaded operational justification during the trial. Sir Douglas Bader, the RAF fighter pilot without legs. [10] The Labrador current influences the site and visibility can be low. Disclaimer However, to do this successfully the submarine would have to maintain a high-level of secrecy throughout her journey from Europe. Eck was to be the only U-boat commander found guilty of war crimes and executed after he ordered the machine gunning of survivors from the Greek ship Peleus. Learn more about U-85 and other World War II shipwrecks off the North Carolina coast here. This forum contains affiliate links to products on Amazon and eBay. California 94041. U-654 was able to sink one vessel in this convoy, while Greger fired at least three torpedoes with no hits. Please email, Exploring Monitor National Marine Sanctuary, NOAA Marine Sanctuary Shipwrecks: the Dixie Arrow, NOAA National Marine Sanctuary Shipwrecks: The USS Monitor, Preserving Americas Underwater Battlefield: the Ashkhabad, Preserving Americas Underwater Battlefield: The Caribsea, Preserving Americas Underwater Battlefield: E.M. Clark, Preserving Americas Underwater Battlefield: HMT Bedfordshire, Preserving Americas Underwater Battlefield: F.W. After completing his training in 1937 he spent five years on minesweepers, commanding one from 1939. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750ft). Seven crewmen were lost in the engagement; the remainder fled ashore. And with its 88-mm gun pointed toward the surface, U-85 looks like its still looking for Allied vessels to sink. At the end of February, the vessel retuned empty handed to St. Nazaire. The hearing was known as the Peleus Trial. This month we visit the U-352. This triggered a hunt for the U-boat, but in a surprising twist, Frmsdorf did not flee the scene. Contact Us His commander-in-training patrol was aboard the famous U-124, commanded by his classmate Johann Mohr, from 28 October 1942 to 21 February 1943. He had lived to tell the story which had led to the indictment of the four U-boat officers and a seaman. Standing atop the bridge of the U-boat, the crew of the U-852 meticulously hunted and machine gunned the survivors. The deck gun of U-85 silently points towards the surface as if waiting on a target. By May 5, 1945, Adolph Hitler had committed suicide in his bunker in Berlin and Grand Admiral Karl Donitz was helping negotiate the terms of the Nazi surrender. Website Satisfaction Survey Setting sail from St. Nazaire, France, on March 21, 1942, U-85 was making its third and final journey. After stalking her until nightfall, the steamer was sunk with two torpedoes. Rathke attempted to carry out at least one attack, but depth charges kept him from being successful. U-852 was proceeding to the Indian Ocean to join the Monsun wolfpack when its commander committed an act that made it infamous. In an effort to honor the service and sacrifice of those lost during the Battle of the Atlantic, NOAA in 2019 will release a draft proposal to expand the boundaries of Monitor National Marine Sanctuary to include a nationally significant collection of shipwrecks that currently have little or no legal protection. [3] However more recent commentary surmised that Gustafson had not hit her, and her loss is currently unexplained. However, U-352 would not be reaching U.S. waters with the rest of Group Schlei. To view additional site plans click here. A set of pages designed to provide a good overview on the monumental battle that took place on the high seas during World War One. On 13 March while crossing the latitude of Freetown in the Atlantic Ocean, the U-boat spotted the lone Greek steamer Peleus. She measured 251 feet, 10 inches in length; 22 feet, 6 inches in the beam; and drew 15 feet, 4 inches. For Lorenzo del Veneziano, an underwater marine archaeologist, it's an amazing. The U-853 was one of the last German U-boats sunk in the Battle of the Atlantic and the last to be destroyed on the East Coast of the United States. Standing atop the bridge of the U-boat, the crew of the U-852 meticulously hunted and machine gunned the survivors. Was. This month well visit the Caribsea. A British boarding party examined the wrecked U-boat and retrieved Eck's Kriegstagebuch ("War Diary"), which proved crucial in constructing the Allied case against him and his men. On her third foray, she sank the Empire Fusilier southeast of St. Johns, Newfoundland, after a seven-hour chase, on 9 February 1942. However, the Roper was closing in on U-85, and the crew now suspected that they were pursuing a submarine. However, once again, the crew on Freden panicked and took to the lifeboats. They did this while the rest of the crew remained below decks. [3] When submerged, the boat could operate for 121 nautical miles (224km; 139mi) at 2 knots (3.7km/h; 2.3mph); when surfaced, she could travel 12,750 nautical miles (23,610km; 14,670mi) at 10 knots (19km/h; 12mph). She was sunk in April 1942 by the US destroyer Roper. Over the next several hours, Rathke got off two torpedoes, both of which missed. Wolfgang Schwender, an enlisted engineer, who said he only shot at debris not survivors - until being replaced by the reluctant Lenz - received 15 years (but was paroled six years later, in 1951). U-852 (wreck) 832 km; Military Base 1210 km; Camp Khanjar 1330 km; Military Drone Airbase 1688 km; Royal Air Force of Oman Base 1732 km; Al Sulayyil ballistic missile base 1785 km; Mandar al Dhibiyan 1962 km; Masirah Island 2295 km; Royal Air Force of Oman Base 2312 km; Indian Island 2320 km It was laid down in Bremen and completed in June 1943. Shortly after midnight, Roper approached the area where U-85 sat and detected a weak radar contact. As Roper began to close in on U-85, the crew suspected that they were pursuing a submarine. On February 8, U-85 along with U-654 found and attacked the Southwest bound Convoy ONS 61. On this patrol, U-85 returned to American waters, specifically off the United States coast. In protest, his Leading Engineer questioned his commanders order but could do little to change the fate of the survivors. Download image (jpg, 270 KB). 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